Screening-Defined Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome Risk Across Hirsutism Thresholds Among Indonesian Midwifery Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/midwiferia.v12i2.1915Keywords:
polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, hirsutism threshold, menstrual irregularity, physical activity, midwifery studentsAbstract
Introduction Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), the 2026 name for polycystic ovary syndrome, is difficult to recognise in late adolescence, and the hirsutism threshold appropriate for Indonesian women is uncertain. This study estimated the proportion of midwifery students meeting screening-defined PMOS risk, examined its variation across modified Ferriman–Gallwey (mFG) thresholds, and explored crude associations with four health factors.
Methods This cross-sectional study used total sampling of eligible female Diploma III midwifery students at one Indonesian health polytechnic (n = 96). Screening-defined risk required menstrual irregularity, classified from self-reported cycle items using 2023 adolescent guideline thresholds, and self-assessed hirsutism (mFG ≥ 3). Psychological distress (Self Reporting Questionnaire-20), dietary diversity (nine-group FAO-based questionnaire), self-reported body mass index (BMI), and weekly physical activity frequency were examined using Wilson 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for proportions and separate univariable logistic regression models.
Results Twelve students (12.5%; 95% CI 7.3–20.6%) met the screening definition; 32.3% met the menstrual criterion and 50.0% self-assessed hirsutism. The proportion ranged from 17.7% at mFG ≥ 2 to 3.1% at mFG ≥ 8. No statistically significant associations were found for psychological distress, dietary diversity, or BMI, nor for physical activity (odds ratio 0.65; 95% CI 0.24–1.70).
Discussion Overall, screening-defined PMOS risk depended on both the hirsutism threshold and the definition of menstrual irregularity, and no factor was consistently associated with it.
Conclusion These findings suggest that menstrual health education is more appropriate than diagnostic screening for PMOS.
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